Xanax Side Effects: Adverse Effects and Withdrawal Symptoms of Alprazolam Explained

In this article, we’ll explain everything you need to know about the potential side effects of Xanax (alprazolam). We'll cover the most common side effects you might experience, as well as rarer but more serious side effects that could occur. You'll also learn about the risks of withdrawal symptoms when stopping Xanax, why they happen and how they can be managed. Whether you’re currently taking Xanax or considering it, we’ll provide guidance on when to seek medical advice and discuss best practices to help you use this medication safely.

Key Takeaways

Here are the 5 biggest takeaways from this article about Xanax side effects and withdrawal symptoms:

• The most frequent side effects of Xanax include drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, decreased alertness, nausea, and coordination issues.

• While less common, some serious side effects can occur, such as blood disorders, delusions, jaundice and paradoxical reactions (where the medication has the opposite effect). 

• Stopping Xanax, especially after prolonged use, can lead to withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety, panic attacks, excessive sweating, tremors, sleep issues and nausea.

• Following prescribed doses carefully, avoiding alcohol and sedatives and discussing all medications with a healthcare provider are essential to minimise risks.

• It’s important to contact a healthcare provider if any side effects occur, especially if they are severe or prolonged.

What are the most common side effects of Xanax (Alprazolam)?

As with all medications, some users may experience side effects when they are using Xanax (alprazolam). Some side effects are more common than others and some are more serious. The most common side effects of Xanax (alprazolam) include [1]:

• Drowsiness

• Dizziness

• Fatigue

• Decreased alertness

• Headaches

• Nausea

• Mood changes

• Muscle weakness

• Coordination issues

People of different ages may experience some side effects more than others. Elderly people may sometimes experience confusion and balance issues which increase the risk of falls. 

What are the rare and serious side effects?

As mentioned, some people may experience side effects that are listed as being rare or more serious. Whilst these side effects do not occur as often, it is important to be mindful of them before you begin using the medication. Rare/ serious side effects of Xanax (alprazolam) include:

• Blood disorders

• Delusions

• Jaundice

• Restlessness

• Paradoxical drug reactions. This is when a medication has the opposite effect as it is supposed to.

• Urinary issues including problems with retention.

Rare/serious side effects also vary based on age. For example, elderly and children may experience heightened levels of aggression, whereas younger adults may not.

Is there a risk of Xanax withdrawal symptoms when stopping treatment?

Yes, when you stop using Xanax you may experience withdrawal symptoms, particularly if you have been using the medication for an extended period or if you have been using a high dosage [2]. Below are some of the most common withdrawal symptoms people experience when they stop using Xanax.

Anxiety & panic

Anxiety and panic are common symptoms of Xanax withdrawal, often appearing more intensely than before treatment.

Sweating

Sweating can occur as the body adjusts, leading to excessive perspiration during withdrawal.

Tremors

Tremors, particularly in the hands, are a frequent physical symptom of Xanax withdrawal.

Sleep problems

Sleep problems, such as insomnia and disrupted sleep patterns, are common during the withdrawal period.

Nausea and vomiting

Nausea and vomiting may also develop, adding to the physical challenges of stopping Xanax.

Best practices if you are taking Xanax or alprazolam:

If you’re taking Xanax, it’s important to follow your doctor’s instructions carefully, ensuring you only take the prescribed dose to minimise the risk of side effects or dependence. Be sure to discuss any other medications you are taking with your doctor to avoid harmful interactions, as some drugs can intensify the effects of Xanax.

Avoid combining Xanax with alcohol or other sedatives as these substances can increase drowsiness and significantly raise the risk of dangerous side effects. Since Xanax can cause drowsiness, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery while on this medication. Store Xanax securely in a safe place, out of the reach of children and anyone who hasn’t been prescribed it.

When should I contact my healthcare provider?

You should contact your healthcare provider as soon as possible if you experience any side effects from Xanax, especially if they are severe or persistent. It’s also important to get medical advice if you have concerns about withdrawal symptoms or if you’re struggling with anxiety while on Xanax. 

Your doctor can help you to stay safe and can also discuss alternative treatment options if Xanax (alprazolam) is not right for you. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting or stopping Xanax, ensuring you have the proper support and oversight for safe treatment.

Sources

[1] Alprazolam | Drugs | BNF | NICE

[2] Alprazolam (Xanax): Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMD